Nurse Tips Editorial Team · Updated August 10, 2026 · 6 minute read

Organize infection-control review by transmission

Instead of memorizing disconnected disease lists, connect the likely route of transmission to hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, placement and equipment handling.

Start with standard precautions

Standard precautions apply to every patient based on anticipated exposure. Review hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, safe injection practice, environmental cleaning, appropriate PPE and handling of contaminated equipment. Choose PPE from the expected exposure rather than from the diagnosis name alone.

Add transmission-based precautions

For contact, droplet and airborne precautions, create a comparison table covering room placement, mask or respirator needs, gown and glove use, patient transport and dedicated equipment. Then practice converting a patient cue into the route. Avoid assuming every respiratory symptom requires the same precautions.

Practice donning and removal as contamination control

Sequences are easier to remember when you ask which surfaces are clean or contaminated and what could touch your face or clothing. Perform hand hygiene at the required moments and follow the current sequence taught by your school or facility. Exact procedures can vary with the PPE ensemble and task.

Review exceptions explicitly

Create separate cards for situations that modify ordinary rules, such as organisms or exposures requiring soap-and-water handwashing under current guidance. Record the reason for the exception. Update cards when official guidance changes rather than relying on an old exam-prep list.

Study prompt: “What is the likely route, what exposure is expected, what barrier interrupts it, and what must happen before transport or equipment reuse?”

For clinical use, consult current CDC guidance, infection-prevention staff and facility policy.

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